What is Vector Database
Database for storing and searching vector embeddings
Vector Database — a specialized data storage system optimized for working with multidimensional vectors (embeddings).
Key Capabilities
- Similarity search — finding nearest neighbors by cosine distance
- Vector indexing — HNSW, IVF, PQ for fast search
- Metadata filtering — combining vector and attribute search
- Scalability — billions of vectors with sub-millisecond response
- Hybrid search — combining semantic and keyword search
Popular Solutions
- Pinecone — managed cloud service
- Weaviate — open-source with GraphQL API
- Milvus — high-performance open-source DB
- Qdrant — Rust-based with rich filtering
- Chroma — lightweight for prototypes
- pgvector — PostgreSQL extension
Business Applications
- RAG systems — knowledge base for AI assistants
- Semantic search — meaning-based document search
- Recommendations — similar products, content, users
- Deduplication — finding similar images and documents
- Anomalies — detecting atypical patterns